Rotary engine and pump.



A. A. LIND.

ROTARY ENGINE AND PUMP APPLICATION FILED Nov. 13. 1913.

- Patented Sept. 3,1918.

L'WAG..

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2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

Inventor .jfl/d Jade/mrow l Patented Sept. 3, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Il W/ A. A. LND. ROTARY ENGINE AND PUMP. APPLICATION FILED Nov. IsJsIa.

arena @www `ARVID ANDERSSON LIND, 0F STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN.

ROTARY ENGINE 'Ann PUMP.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 3, Mule.

Application tiled November 13, 1913., Serial No. 800,837.

To all whom z't may camera.'

Be it known that I, ARvn) ANDERssoN LiND, a subject of the King of Sweden, and residing at Kungsholmsgatan 2B III, Stockv holm, Sweden, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rotary Engines and Pumps, of which the following is a specication. 4

This invention has for its object an improved construction of rotary engine of the internal combustion type.

Describing the invention in somewhat general terms-it consists in the provision of two circular members one of larger diameter than the other, coacting with each other and mounted eccentrically to one another so that an annular chamber of varying width is formed around the member of less diameter. The members are prevented from rotating one in relation to the other and operate either by the axis of one of them revolvingr -about the axis of the other or by both of them rotating aboutl their axes respectively at the same angular velocity; and means are provided whereby the chamber formed around the member of smaller diameter is divided into compartments. As the members are prevented from turning in relation to one another it follows that any point on the inner member revolves about a line passf ing parallel to the axes ofthe members and through some point which is constant of the other member.

The periphery of the member of lless diameter referably touches the inner surface of a peripheral wall of the member of larger diameter so that a somewhat crescentv shaped space is formed between the two members. e

The verb"to rotate is used in `the specification only in the special sense of the turning of some mass as a whole upon an axis while the verb to revolve is used in the sense of one mass or part thereof turning about another mass or part thereof, such as when the axis of one mass is made to revolve around the axis of another, whether 'there is rotation of either m'ass or not. It is in the same sense as the revolution of the earth about the sun.

If the members are allowed to rotate the drive would be taken from` one or each of them, and the axes would not actually revolve about each other, but would be held stationary and would form an abutment for the drive. If however the members are held from rotating on their axes, then the latter would be arranged actually to revolve about each other and the drive would be taken from the axes, the members, or at any rate one of them, acting as the abutment for the drive. The arrangement of rotating members 1s much preferred because their inertia can be used to steady the drlve, and it is possible to obtain very perfect balancing of `formed varying in Width. This chamber in either case is divided by one or more partitions formed by tongues of the one member extending into recesses in the other. Some art of each'tongue is always in contact with or closely adjacent to some part of the corresponding recess to effect a closure, and as the members have no rotative movement relatively to each other, but only a movement of revolution one in relation to the other, it -is always arranged that some part of each recess is caused to wipe over a curved surface ofthe corresponding tongue or vice versa; but the same part and curved surface mayrinot always be in such proximity. .It is however, arranged that each recess is always contacting with the corresponding tongue at some point or other though at different times it is by one part and one curved surface; and at other times by another part and another curved surface.

very convement arrangement of ports as will be hereinafter madelear.

Although it has been stated that there is .no relative rotative movement between the members, it would be possible, as will be clearly understood hereafter, to provide that theinner member and a part of the outer member carrying tongues thereof, should rotate relatively to a peripheral portion of the outer member which might form a etationary part of the apparatus. It is not considered that such an arrangement would be convenient; but it would come within the scope of the invention.

The invention is more particularly described with reference to the drawings herewith, of which Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of somewhat diagrammatic form of the drums of av angle of 1800.

Fig. 4 is a view corresponding to Fig. 1, but showing the drums turned through an angle of 270.

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section through the entire engine constructed according to this invention, taken in the plane indicated by line 5-5 of Fig. 1.

Fig.6 is an end view of the engine shown by Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a section taken in the plane indicated by line 7 7 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 8 illustrates a modification in which the tongues are laced at right angles to each other insteadpof opposite.

Fig. 9 illustrates a modification in which four tongues and four recesses are employed.

FigQlO is a view to illustrate the modification already referred to in which the peripheral portion of the outer drum is held stationary.

Fig. 11 is a sectional view of ythe same modification, the section being taken in the plane indicated by the line 11-11 of Fig. 10

.Referring first to Figs. 1 to 7 which illustrate a simple-application to internal com-f bastion engines working upon a cycle analogous to that of a four stroke engine, 1 represents the outer drum having two tongues 2 and 3, oppositely disposed as shown, and 4 represents the inner drum having two recesses 25 and 26 correspondingly placed. In the back wall of the outer drum 1 (and on the right hand side of the tongue 3 as shown in Fig. 1) is the inlet port7. At the opposite side of the same tongue is'the exhaust port 8, shown only by broken lines because, being situated in the front wall of the outer drum, it comes in front of the plane in which the section is taken. The recess 25 is formed somewhat larger than the recess 26 for a purpose presently made clear, and iii communication with the recess 25, which I will call the ignition recess, is the sparking plug 9. The outer drum 1 is arranged to rotate about the stationary center 10 and the inner drum about the stationary center 11. The curves at. either side of each tongue are struck with a radius equal to the distance apart of the centers 10 and 11 plus half the thickness of the metal at the lips of the recesses. Likewise, the curves at each end of the recess 26 and the slnaller curves at each end of the recess 25 are struck with a radius equal to the distance a )art of the centers 10 and 11 plus half the tlhickness of the tips of the tongues. The radius of the larger curves at the ends of the recess 25 is greater than that of the smaller curves but actual size of the recess can be varied to some extent according to the amount of compression desired. The respective inlet and exhaust ports are opened and closed by the movement thereover of the lips of the recesses. 13, 13 are pins in the outer drum passing through chambers 14, 14 in the inner drum and by their interaction with the cylindrical walls thereof, insures that both disks rotate evenly at the same speed, and that there is no substantial pressure between the tongues and the recesses. One or other of the lips of each recess is always wiping around the corresponding curve of the correspondin r tongue and likewise one or other of the tips of each tongue 3 is always wiping around the corresponding curve of the corresponding recess 26. Also one or other of the tips of the tongue 2 is always wiping around the smaller curves of the recess 25, but in doing so it will at some positions leave a passage between itself and the wall of the recess as shown in Figs. 2 and 4. The curve of the inner face of each tongue is struck fronrthe center of the larger drum, and the inner curve of each recess from the center of the smager drum.

Referring specially` 'to Figs. 5 .ind 6, the drum 1 is carried upon a shaft 2l which is supported in bearings 22, 23, of standards 24, 27, which areA supported by the bed-plate 28, and the drum 4 is carriedupon a shaft 29 which is supported in bearings 30, 31, of standards 32, 33, which are supported by the bed-plate 28. The shaft 29 is hollow and the connections for the sparking plug 9 are carried therethrough. The shafts` 21 and 29 are geared together through the medium of a spur-wheel 34 of the shaft 29 which gears into a Wheel 35 of a Countershaft 3 6, and of a spur-Wheel 37 ofthe shaft 36 which gears into a spur-wheel 38 of the shaft 21. A

The action of the apparatus is as follows Assuming the drums to be in the positions shown @in Fig. 1 the mixture inlet port 7 communicates with a chamber 15 which enlargesin size with the rotation of the drums. In Fig. 2 this chamber 15 includes most of the recess 26 and a part of the annulus or space between the drums and it is still in communication with the inlet port so that mixture is being drawn in. In Fig. 3 the chamber 15 is seen to be still further enlarged and to be still in communication with the inlet port. In Fig. 4 it is still maximum compression.

more enlarged but the inlet port has commenced to close. In Fig. 1 the chamber 15 has become the chamber 16, communication between it and the inlet port is cut olf and t-he chamber is contracting in volume thus compressing the mixture. In Fig. 2 the chamber 16 is further contracted and includes very little besides the ignition recess 25. In Fig. 3 the chamber 16 includes only the ignition recess and `the gases are at At this point the gases are ired from the sparking plug. In Fig. 4 the chamber 16, which has now become the chamber 17 is'seen to be expanding. At this time the burnt gases are doing work and driving the drums because they are tending to expand the chamber 17 which they can only do by the rotation -of the drums. In- Fig. 1 the chamber 17 is seen to have expanded further butis not yet open to the exhaust. In Fig. 2 the chamber 17 has expanded to a maximum and the exhaust is opened to the-chamber. In Fig. 3 the chamber 17 has become the chamber 18 and is again contracting and sweeping the products of combustion out into the exhaust. In Fig. 4 the chamber 18 is further contracted and in Fig. 1 again is seen to consist of little more than the exhaust port. In Fig. 2 it is seen to be disappearing entirely so that all the exhaust gases are swept out. The cycle of operations has been described as beginning at Fig. 1 with the forming of the chamber 15 and the opening of the inlet port 7. As a matter of fact the cycle actually commences in Fig. 4 where the initial chamber v must be designated 19 and is seen as just commencing to form and tobe already open to the inlet.

It will now be understood that at each revolution'rof the engine there is one charge -drawn in, anothercharge compressedyanother charge ignited and allowed lto expand and a fourth charge allowed to go to exhaust.

It will be seen onreference to Fig. 1 that a part of the burnt gas gets trapped in the ignition recess 25 and would foul the new mixture inthe chamber 16 (see Fig. 2) or possibl cause its pre-ignition.. This is avoide wall of the outer drum and a hole 20a through a shallow wall 20b of the recess momentarily opening communication between the recess v25 and the atmosphere. The hole 20 in the rear wall of the drum is alsoY arranged to allow the shaft of the inner drum to pass out through the said wall of the outer drum. The diameter of this hole must be twice as great as the distance between the two axesv plus the thickness of the shaft of the inner drum.

A distributer 39, whichv consists substantially of a circular plate 40 and a rim 41, is carried by the standard 24 with the edge of its rim 41 just touching the outer face however by a hole 20 in the 4rear of the side plate le1 of the member 1. Cornbustible mixture from the carburter or air, is drawn into this distributer through an opening 42 and is drawn from the distributer through the inlet port 7 by the interaction of the members 1 and 4.

The portions of the tongues have been described as wiping around the recesses and vice versa but they may be arranged so that they do not actually touch.` If the coupling devices consisting of the pins 13 and chambers 14 are arranged to keep the disks absolutely in phase with each other, the tips ofthe tongues and lips of the recesses may sweep so close to their respective curved surfaces that they may make a sufiiciently good joint although there is no appreciable friction between them.

It will be seen from the above description that there is no actual or relative reciprocal movement between thedrums but only a` movement of revolution of each point of the inner drum about a line passing parallel to the axes and through some corresponding point of the other drum.A Consequently the wear between the drums is very equally spread. Also there is no actual reciproca- Vtory movement at all and when the axes are stationary and the4 drums revolve, there is no l, actual movement of revolution of one part about another, but the whole movement is of rotation about two stationary axes. All the parts are therefore in perfect balance.

As will be understood air only may be drawn into the drums and the fuel separately injected, as is usually the case in large internal 'combustion engines.

Referring next to Fig. 8, there is there illustrated a* modification in which thtl tongues and recesses are disposed at 90o to v line models to represent the inner drums cut out in accordance with the drawings. In using such a templet there is no necessity to rot-ate it and the outer drum but simply to revolve the axis of the templet around that of the outer drum carefully keeping both the outer drum and the templet from-rotating on their own axes.

Figs. 10 and 11 illustrate the modification before mentioned in which while the inner drum revolves and also the tongues and a Side wall or walls of the outer drum, yet the peripheral portion of the outer drum is held stationary. As will be understood, however, such an arrangement is a fairly obvious alternative to the form shown in Figs. 1 to 7.

As will be seen in all the modifications the revolving surfaces, which move over one another, do so always in the same direction and at the same angular velocity [whereby the inconveniences due to such surfaces reciprocating in relation to one another is avoided.

If the tongues and recesses are kept from actual contact by the action of the coupling devices, there will be some leak past them, but it may be arranged so that it is quite inconsiderable especially when the engine is rotating at a high speed. If a fairly thick oil is used, asmay be the case owing to the relatively small movementbetween the parts, it may serve to make a joint to a greater or less extent. If the tongues and recesses are kept out of contact there will be no friction between them which, as will be readily understood may, especially at high speed, more than compensate for loss by leakage.

The ports have been described as opening in the side walls of the larger drum, but as will be obvious they might be arranged in the peripheral wall.

In all the modifications the tongues are carried by the outer member and the recesses formed in the inner; but as will be clear the reverse arrangement might ybe adopted.

It is not essential that the two drums shall be geared together by spur gearing if they are othewise geared together such as by the pins 13 operating within openings 14- as described; but even when the two drums are geared together by spur wheels it is preferred to gear them also such as by plus 13 operating within openings 14.

Instead of the exhaust being allowed to go straight out to the atmosphere, it might be collected in a stationary exhaust box similar to the inlet boX before mentioned.

I claim:

1. In a rotary internal combustion engine the combination of two members which are geared to rotate in the same direction at the same angular velocity, one being of larger diameter than and mounted eccentrically to the other and adapted to perform eccentric movements in relation to the other, a space between the two members formed by the interaction of such members into which space fluid is drawn and then compressed by the contraction of such space by the continued interaction of the members, the compressed iuidtransferred to a further space which is formed between the members by the continued interaction thereof, fired therein v and expanded during the expansion of such space, and inlet and outlety ports which are common to a plurality of said projections and recesses.

2. In a rotary internal combustion engine, the combination of two members one of larger diameter than and mounted eccentrically to the other and adapted to perform eccentric movements in relation to the other, said members having projections and recesses, the projections of one member operating within the recesses respectively of the other member witha movement of revolution therein as distinct from rotation, said projections and recesses having curved surfaces which wipe over one another by relative movement between the members, compression and expansion spaces between the members which are closed by said projections and recesses and alternately expand and contract as the members move relatively to one another, each projection operating only within the recess to which it constantly corresponds, one or more of said recesses adapted to interact in succession with a compression space between the members and an expansion space between such members, the combustible mixture being fired Within such recess, and a port from such recess, which is controlled by the interaction of said members and opened momentarily to allow escape of burnt gas from such recess.

3. In a rotary internal combustion engine, the combination of two. members one of larger diameter than and mountedI eccentrically to the other and adapted to perform eccentric movementsl in relation to the other, said members having projections and recesses, the projections of one member operating within the recesses respectively of the other member with a movement 0f revolution therein as distinct from rotation, said projections and recesses having curved surfaces which Wipe over one another by relativel movement between the members, compression and expansion spaces between the members which are closed by said projections and recesses and alternately expand and contract as the members move relatively to one another, each projection operating only within the recess to which it constantly corresponds and one, or more of said recesses adapted to interact in succession with a compression space between the members and the expansion space between such members the combustible mixture being red Within such recess.

4. In a rotary internal combustion engine the combination of two members one of larger' diameter than' and mounted eccentrically to the other and adapted to perform eccentric movements in relation to the other, said members having projections and recesses, the projections of one member operating within the recesses respectivel of the other member with a movement o revolu- Leaf/,ase

corresponds, and one or more of said recesses adapted to interact in succession with a compression space between the members and an expansion space between such members, the

combustible mixture being fired within such recess and said recess formed to provide a passage which places the ends of the recess in contant communication with each other.

5. In a rotary internal combustion engine the combination of two members one of larger diameter than and mounted eccentrically to the other and adapted to perform eccentric movements in relation to the other, said members havin projections and recesses, the projections o onemember operating within the recesses respectively of the other member with a movement of revolution therein as distinct from rotation, saiol` projections and recesses having curved surfaces which wipe over one another by relative movement between the members, compression and expansion spaces between the members which are closed by said projections and recesses and alternately expand and contract as the members move relatively to one another, each projection operating only within the recess to which it constantly corresponds, one of said recesses communicating in 4,succession with a compression space and an expansion space, an ignition device for the combustible mixture within such recess and a passage between the ends of the recess.

6. In a rotary internal combustion engine the combination of two members one of larger diameter than and mounted eccentrically to the other and adapted to per- ,form eccentric movements inrelation to the. other, said' members having projections and recesses, the projections of one member operating within the recesses respectively of the other member with a movement of revolution therein as distinct from rotation, .said projections and recesses having curved surfaces which wipe over one another by relative movement between the members, compression and' expansion spaces between the members which are closed by said projections and recesses and alternately expand and contract as the members move relatively to one another, each projection `signed by operating only within the recess to which it constantly corresponds, one or more of said recesses adapted to communicate in succession with a compression space between the members and the expansion space between such members, the, combustible mixture being fired within sinh recessfsaid recess formed to provide a passage which places the ends of the recess iny constant communication with each other, yand said passage provided by the ends and bottom of the interior of the said recess being of a size which always leaves a clearance space between them and said project-ion, said projection contacting with said recess only at the edges of the mouth thereof.

7. In a rotary internal combustion engine the combination of two members one of larger diameter than and mounted eccen'- trically to the other and adapted to perform eccentric movements in relation to the other, said members having projections and recesses, the projections of one member operating within the recesses respectively of the other member with a movement of revolution therein as distinct .from rotation, said projections and recesses having curved surfaces which wipe over one another by relative movement between the members, and compression and expansion spaces between the members which are closed by said projections and recesses and alternately expand and contract as the members move relatively .to one another, each projection operating only owithin the recess to which it constantly corresponds, one or more of said recesses a compression space between the members 'and an expansion space between such members, the combustible mixture being fired within such recess, said recess formed to provide a passage which places the ends of the recess in constant communication with each other, said passage provided by the ends and bottom of the interior of the said recess beingof a size which always leaves a clearance space between them and said projection, said projection contacting with said recess only at the edges of the mouth thereof, and inlet and outlet ports which are common to a plurality of said projections and recesses.

In witness whereof I have hereunto name this 30th day of ctober, 1913, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

anvil) annnasson man.

1illitnesses:

CARL trein Winnnnn', Masa rsn,

liti 

